Every year after the monsoon, dengue fever cases rise across Pakistan, especially in Punjab, Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa between September and November. Knowing the symptoms of dengue and the warning signs can save lives. This guide explains everything in simple words.
Medical disclaimer: This article is for general awareness only. If you or a family member has a high fever, please see a doctor or visit the nearest hospital. Do not self-medicate.
What Is Dengue?
Dengue is a viral infection spread by the bite of the Aedes mosquito, which usually bites during the day, especially early morning and late afternoon. It breeds in clean, standing water such as water tanks, flower pots, coolers and old tyres.
Common Symptoms of Dengue
- Sudden high fever (often 102–104°F)
- Severe headache and pain behind the eyes
- Severe muscle and joint pain (“bone-break fever”)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Skin rash
- Extreme tiredness
Warning Signs (Go to Hospital Immediately)
- Severe stomach pain
- Persistent vomiting
- Bleeding from gums or nose, or blood in vomit or stool
- Black stools
- Fast breathing, restlessness or extreme weakness
- Cold, clammy skin
These signs often appear around the time the fever goes down (usually day 3–7), which is the most critical period.
Diagnosis and Treatment
- Doctors usually advise an NS1 antigen test in the first days of fever and a CBC to check platelets and haematocrit.
- There is no specific antiviral medicine for dengue. Treatment focuses on rest and fluids.
- Paracetamol is commonly used for fever under a doctor’s advice.
- Avoid aspirin, ibuprofen and other painkillers (NSAIDs), because they can increase bleeding risk.
- Drink plenty of fluids: water, ORS, soups and fresh juices.
Prevention: Protect Your Family
- Remove standing water from flower pots, coolers, tyres and rooftops every few days.
- Cover water tanks and containers.
- Use mosquito repellent on exposed skin, especially during the day.
- Wear full-sleeve clothes in the morning and evening.
- Use mosquito nets and window screens.
- Support local fumigation and report breeding sites to your local health authority.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Is papaya leaf juice a cure for dengue?
There is no proven cure for dengue. Some people use papaya leaf extract, but you should never use it instead of medical care. Ask your doctor before taking any remedy.
What platelet count is dangerous in dengue?
Your doctor will decide based on your full condition, not just the platelet number. Warning signs like bleeding or severe stomach pain are more important than a single count.
Can dengue happen twice?
Yes. There are four types of dengue virus, and a second infection with a different type can be more severe.
Conclusion
Dengue is preventable. Remove standing water, protect yourself from daytime mosquito bites, and seek medical help immediately if you notice warning signs. Share this guide to help protect your community.